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Antankarana

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'''The Antankarana people are an ethnic group living in the north of Madagascar around Antsiranana ([[Diego Suarez]]). Antankarana literally means ''Those of the Rocks'', referring to the limestone rock formations ([[Tsingy|tsingy]]) and mountains which characterise their territory. The [[Sambirano]] river forms the border in the south.'''
The Antankarana descent from a group which separated from the Sakalava in the 18th century. Under the reign of their king Tsimiharo I they formed a separate kingdom with [[Ambatoharanana]] as capital. Today, the Antankarana royalty continues to rule, although their power is merely symbolic and mostly concerned with keeping their traditions alive. They still worship natural sanctuaries. Their largest festival ''Tsangatsaina '' is celebrated every five years in Ambatoharanana. Therefore a large mast with the emblems of the people symbolising their unity and support of the monarchy is erected. The festival is dominated by singing and dancing accompanied by sacrifices and prayers.
The ''Tsakafara'' ritual is celebrated each year on a date predicted by a soothsayer. At the Tsakafara people ask their ancestors for support and assistance in future projects, such as house building, business plans etc..
The duration and time of a ''Tromba'' depends on the matters to be solved. At a Tromba the spirits of the late kings are called which will appear and give advice through a possessed person.
 In the middle of the 18th century, the Antankarana people were conquered by the [[Sakalava]] people. The Antankarana people are mainly fishermen or cattle farmers. They grow only a few crops such as maize, rice and cassava on a small scale. The majority of the Antankarana are Muslims.
<!--The Antankarana do not bury their dead by placing the coffin under the ground. Rather, the coffin is quite simply left on top of the ground.-->
 
 
Die Bewohner des Nordteils Madagaskars sind die Antankarana "die vom Felsen", ein kleiner Stamm von Hirtenbauern am nördlichsten Zipfel Madagaskars in der Gegend südwestlich von Antsiranana bis hinunter nach Ambilobe.
 
Die Antankarana stammen von einer Gruppe ab, die sich durch Emigration im 18. Jahrhundert von den südlicheren Sakalava abgespalten hat und heute zu 85% islamischen Glaubens ist.
 
Unter ihrem König Tsimiharo I bildeten sie ein eigenes Königreich mit dem Ort Ambatoharanana als Hauptstadt. Sie verehren auch heute noch Naturheiligtümer. das größte Fest nennt sich Tsanga-Tsainy, das alle 5 Jahre in Ambatoharanana stattfindet und bei dem ein großer Mast errichtet wird zur Verehrung der Ahnen. Anschließend wird eine Massenbeschneidung aller inzwischen Neugeborenen durchgeführt. Die Antankarana haben sich schon früh im 19. Jahrhundert mit den Franzosen verbündet, gegen die Übermacht der Zentralmacht der Merina.
 
Die Tsimihet
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