Difference between revisions of "Tromba"

From MadaCamp
Jump to: navigation, search
 
(20 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
== Tromba 3 ==
+
'''The Tromba, or cult of possession, is a ceremony where the spirits of the ancestors are invoked by the living. The “tromba” is an ancestral custom that the populations of the North-West and North-East of Madagascar, Imerina and the South, practice to this day.'''
 +
 
 +
{| class="imageTable"
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="3" | [[File:Tromba 007.jpg|600px]]
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:Tromba 003.jpg|196px]]
 +
|align="center"|[[File:Tromba 002.jpg|196px]]
 +
|align="right"|[[File:Tromba 005.jpg|196px]]
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:Tromba 006.jpg|196px]]
 +
|align="center"|[[File:Tromba 004.jpg|196px]]
 +
|align="right"|[[File:Tromba 008.jpg|196px]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
<!--
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube" width="600" height="338">vDYzsT3d06I</HTML5video> Jôro
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube" width="600" height="338">ZyiKP1fabuM</HTML5video> Sambava beach
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube" width="600" height="338">lEGmfXstb-w</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube" width="600" height="338">GS-huZA6294</HTML5video>-->
 +
A tromba is usually in a specific place dedicated for the purpose. Anyone can attend. The main participants are musicians whose rhythms of drums and accordions encourage the mediums to enter a trance. The audience may be one or more family lines or an entire tribe.
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube" width="600" height="338">WCSbIQl3VFw</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
At first, the mediums wear clothes reminiscent of the deceased. Sitting on the ground, in the middle of the audience, they seem elsewhere. They concentrate. As the musical rhythm accelerates, they change their behavior. Then they convulse and thrash around like actors in a horror movie.
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube" width="600" height="338">ZPpPfROW8Qo</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
Afterwards, they can no longer control their bodies. Their eyes roll back and their voices gradually transform to sound exactly like those of the dead person(s) who inhabit them. Short or long messages then come from the ancestors.
 +
 
 +
[[File:Tromba_009.jpg|600px]]
 +
 
 +
A medium can be inhabited by one or more spirits. It happens that a succession of voices of men or women, children or adults come out of their mouths during the tromba ceremony. Tromba followers believe that the messages emitted by mediums really emanate from the deceased to whom they worship. Whether they are beautiful words, favorite messages or warnings, there is no point in transgressing them. The deceased issued them and we must respect them. The souls of the dead continue to survive and they manifest through the tromba. Even though they are no longer among the living, they still care about their descendants and loved ones. They are worried about the future of their compatriots and their country. Therefore, it is essential to consult the deceased from time to time through the tromba to ask them for advice.<!--
 +
 
 +
Le TROMBA
 +
Le Tromba, ou culte de la possession, est une cérémonie où les esprits des ancêtres royaux de la grande tribu des Sakalava sont invoqués par les vivants.
 +
Le « tromba » est une coutume ancestrale que les populations du Nord-Ouest de Madagascar, de l’Imerina et du Sud, pratiquent encore à ce jour. D’habitude, il a lieu dans la soirée, en plein air ou dans un endroit spécifique dédié à cet effet. N’importe qui peut y assister. Les principaux acteurs sont des musiciens dont les rythmes des tambours et des accordéons favorisent l’entrée en transe des médiums. L’assistance peut être une ou plusieurs lignées de famille ou une tribu toute entière. Tout le long de la cérémonie, le silence complet est requis de la part des spectateurs.
 +
Au début, les médiums ont revêtu des habits rappelant le défunt. Assis par terre, au beau milieu de l’assistance,ils  semblent ailleurs. Ils se concentrent. Au fur et à mesure que le rythme musical  s’accélère, ils changent de comportement. Ensuite, ils se convulsent et se démènent tels des acteurs de films d’horreur. Après, ils n’arrivent plus à contrôler leurs corps. Leurs yeux se révulsent et leurs voix se transforment peu à peu pour ressembler exactement à ceux du ou des morts qui les habitent. Viennent par la suite de courts ou longs messages émis par les aïeux.
 +
Un médium peut être habité par un ou plusieurs esprits. Il arrive qu’une succession de voix d’hommes ou de femmes, enfants ou adultes sortent de leurs bouches durant la cérémonie du tromba.
 +
Les messages émis lors du tromba
 +
Les adeptes du tromba croient que les messages émis par les médiums émanent vraiment des défunts auxquels ils vénèrent un culte. Que ce soient de belles paroles, des messages de prédilection ou des avertissements, pas la peine de les transgresser. Les défunts les ont émis et on doit les respecter. Les âmes des morts continuent de survivre et ils se manifestent à travers le tromba. Même s’ils ne sont plus parmi les vivants, ils se soucient encore de leurs descendants et de leurs proches. Ils sont inquiets quant à l’avenir de leurs compatriotes et de leur pays. De ce fait, est essentiel de consulter de temps à autre les défunts à travers le tromba pour leur demander conseil.
 +
Texte et photos : Alain Thierry
 +
 
 +
--><!--
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">playlist?list=PL2PUMu_dznnYlAkDxTUQndTU_t1l_J-Ur&si=HGEC0A-uhbSlxGro</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 52 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">oPntxoa_Ljc</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 51 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">gPEvzS6phig</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 50 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">OsCpkKdhCaE</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 49 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">mGtlMML3RLQ</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 48 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">Znb_wjdVG44</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 47 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">mSaWDSKbGHI</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 46 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">XYII9s6fiCc</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 45 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">NNfZ8KRDJR0</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 44 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">UlBGEBjisQ8</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 43 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">iiqZO7hjCWU</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 42 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">BTuxzYvt03w</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 41 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">p38HwFcynsQ</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 40 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">xXsLcGkFNpg</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 39 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">3R4VW2vk_Tg</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 38 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">CsBIYna2CSg</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 37 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">k0yRFxFWmFg</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 36 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">FYJBXPOyBf0</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 35 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">mbI_hUWXoW4</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 34 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">aJuYITKuLc0</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 33 ==
 +
 
 +
<nowiki><HTML5video type="youtube"></HTML5video></nowiki>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 32 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">WQdTFA_P7OA</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 31 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">EcKwa7YitZM</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 30 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">hkYeq0y8R4g</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 29 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">gbGfXebjmNY</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 28 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">qVbUrBm4C0o</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 27 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">KP-K4eMyze4</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 26 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">TC0Ai9aWhkY</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 25 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">dpq10L1c0KA</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 24 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">ji5XzvICPzA</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 23 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">1j_ctF7xgSQ</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 22 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">00CCP6Q0HQI</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 21 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">gJVLvnpynk8</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 20 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">pV1xUlfNMzE</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 19 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">awj9wvv01Gc</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 18 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">v6K4IV0k26c</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 17 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">JoLAvoZByHM</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 16 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">Z6eyT3pT0FI</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 15 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">m_H1eVhVHnE</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 14 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">1jt6TMITGas</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 13 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">S3fcSGn_D-4</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 12 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">tzwNcNHAVNw</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 11 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">g9bbgLLdyZI</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 10 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">ouUjNT80Ipo</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 9 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">HtYZADcTpgA</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 8 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">BQa_tJR0vls</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 7 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">QuyLCU3kY7M</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 6 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">of5V6P7bDUQ</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 5 ==
 +
 
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">DNCkPwi4e9E</HTML5video>
 +
 
 +
== Tromba 4 ==
  
 
<HTML5video type="youtube">nFXXqOVMinM</HTML5video>
 
<HTML5video type="youtube">nFXXqOVMinM</HTML5video>
 +
 +
1:27 dancing and fighting
 +
 +
== Tromba 3 ==
  
 
<HTML5video type="youtube">0_gFbOOrsMs</HTML5video>
 
<HTML5video type="youtube">0_gFbOOrsMs</HTML5video>
 +
 +
18 seconds with baby
 +
 +
== Tromba ==
 +
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">mycpJCDW3kc</HTML5video>
 +
41 seconds
 +
 +
== Tromba 1==
 +
 +
Tromba 1-7
 +
<HTML5video type="youtube">ZPpPfROW8Qo</HTML5video>
 +
 +
 +
== Additional information ==
 +
 +
https://www.persee.fr/doc/hom_0439-4216_1965_num_5_1_366689
 +
 +
https://generationvoyage.fr/tromba-culte-possession-ancetres-royaux-madagascar/
 +
 +
https://madagascar-green-island-discovery.com/le-tromba/
 +
 +
https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/pleins_textes_5/b_fdi_20-21/28001.pdf
 +
 +
https://journals.openedition.org/etudesafricaines/33231
 +
 +
https://web.facebook.com/carnetsmadagascar/posts/979505272556535/
 +
 +
https://web.facebook.com/carnetsmadagascar/posts/-trombale-tromba-est-une-coutume-et-rite-traditionnels-populaires-encore-pratiqu/1293680254472367/?_rdc=1&_rdr
 +
 +
https://www.jstor.org/stable/25131151
 +
 +
https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tromba
 +
 +
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakalava_people
 +
 +
https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft6t1nb4hz&chunk.id=d0e2874&toc.id=&brand=ucpress
 +
 +
 +
https://web.facebook.com/carnetsmadagascar/posts/le-trombale-tromba-ou-culte-de-la-possession-est-une-ce%CC%81re%CC%81monie-ou%CC%80-les-esprits/979505272556535/?_rdc=1&_rdr
 +
-->
 +
__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 15:49, 12 September 2024

The Tromba, or cult of possession, is a ceremony where the spirits of the ancestors are invoked by the living. The “tromba” is an ancestral custom that the populations of the North-West and North-East of Madagascar, Imerina and the South, practice to this day.

Tromba 007.jpg
Tromba 003.jpg Tromba 002.jpg Tromba 005.jpg
Tromba 006.jpg Tromba 004.jpg Tromba 008.jpg

A tromba is usually in a specific place dedicated for the purpose. Anyone can attend. The main participants are musicians whose rhythms of drums and accordions encourage the mediums to enter a trance. The audience may be one or more family lines or an entire tribe.

At first, the mediums wear clothes reminiscent of the deceased. Sitting on the ground, in the middle of the audience, they seem elsewhere. They concentrate. As the musical rhythm accelerates, they change their behavior. Then they convulse and thrash around like actors in a horror movie.

Afterwards, they can no longer control their bodies. Their eyes roll back and their voices gradually transform to sound exactly like those of the dead person(s) who inhabit them. Short or long messages then come from the ancestors.

Tromba 009.jpg

A medium can be inhabited by one or more spirits. It happens that a succession of voices of men or women, children or adults come out of their mouths during the tromba ceremony. Tromba followers believe that the messages emitted by mediums really emanate from the deceased to whom they worship. Whether they are beautiful words, favorite messages or warnings, there is no point in transgressing them. The deceased issued them and we must respect them. The souls of the dead continue to survive and they manifest through the tromba. Even though they are no longer among the living, they still care about their descendants and loved ones. They are worried about the future of their compatriots and their country. Therefore, it is essential to consult the deceased from time to time through the tromba to ask them for advice.

Retrieved from "https://madacamp.com/index.php?title=Tromba&oldid=66339"