Difference between revisions of "Ankarafantsika National Park"
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=== The Coquereli Circuit - "Small Tour" === | === The Coquereli Circuit - "Small Tour" === | ||
| − | Easy circuit, 2 | + | Easy circuit, 2 to 3 hours walk (2km), recommended for wildlife enthusiasts.<br> |
'''What to see?'''<br> | '''What to see?'''<br> | ||
- diurnal lemurs: Coquerel's sifaka (''Propithecus coquereli'') - endemic to Ankarafantsika, Brown lemur and Mongoose lemur<br> | - diurnal lemurs: Coquerel's sifaka (''Propithecus coquereli'') - endemic to Ankarafantsika, Brown lemur and Mongoose lemur<br> | ||
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=== The Coquereli Circuit - "Big Tour" === | === The Coquereli Circuit - "Big Tour" === | ||
| − | Easy circuit, 2 | + | Easy circuit, 2 to 3 hours walk (3km)<br> |
'''What to see?'''<br> | '''What to see?'''<br> | ||
- birds: Van Dam's vanga - especially rare and endemic to Ankarafantsika, Paradise flycatcher, Madagascar bulbul, coua, mesite, drongo and hawk<br> | - birds: Van Dam's vanga - especially rare and endemic to Ankarafantsika, Paradise flycatcher, Madagascar bulbul, coua, mesite, drongo and hawk<br> | ||
- reptiles: horned chameleon (''Rucifer rhinoceratus''), iguana, [[Giant Malagasy hognose snake]] (''Leioheterodon madagascariensis'')<br> | - reptiles: horned chameleon (''Rucifer rhinoceratus''), iguana, [[Giant Malagasy hognose snake]] (''Leioheterodon madagascariensis'')<br> | ||
| − | + | - precious wood: rosewood (''Dalbergia sp'')<br> | |
| − | - precious wood: | ||
- sacred wood: Mpanjakaben'ny tany<br> | - sacred wood: Mpanjakaben'ny tany<br> | ||
| − | - medicinal plants: katrafay, | + | - medicinal plants: katrafay, adenia, vanilla (''Vanilla madagascariensis'')<br> |
| + | - panoramic views of the Ankarafantsika forest<br> | ||
Guide: 15,000 Ariary (1-5 people), 21,000 Ariary (7 and more people)<br><br> | Guide: 15,000 Ariary (1-5 people), 21,000 Ariary (7 and more people)<br><br> | ||
=== The Retendrika circuit === | === The Retendrika circuit === | ||
| − | + | Medium circuit, 2.30 hours walk (3km). | |
| − | + | '''What to see?'''<br> | |
| + | The plants of this circuit will certainly enrich the botanical knowledge of botanists. It also offers the chance for amateurs to understand a part of the ecosystem Ankarafantsika. Bird watchers will also be delighted to add new names to their lists of birds observed.<br> | ||
| + | - medicinal plants: retendrika, katrafay, adenia, aloe, ''Vanilla madagascariensis'', tamarind... | ||
| + | - precious wood: ebony, rosewood, ficus | ||
| + | - terrestrial orchids which usually can only be found in the wet forest | ||
| + | - diurnal lemurs: Brown lemur, Mongoose lemur | ||
| + | - landbirds: Schlegel's asity, flycatcher, Madagascar bulbul, coua, mesite, drongo and hawk | ||
| + | - aquatic birds: osprey, herons, egret, Glossy ibis, African darter, wild ducks | ||
| + | - reptiles: chameleons, snakes, lizards | ||
| + | - panoramic view of [[Lake Ravelobe]].<br><br> | ||
Revision as of 06:31, 19 February 2012
The Ankarafantsika National Park is located in the Boina region in the northwest of Madagascar. To the east the park is bounded by the Mahajamba river and to the west by the Betsiboka river. The park is located along the national road 4 (RN4), about 115 kilometres south of Mahajanga (2 hours by car) and 450 kilometres north of the capital Antananarivo (8 hours). The road is in good condition and accessible all year round. There is a daily taxi-brousse service between Antananarivo and Mahajanga. Alternatively, Air Madagascar offers regular scheduled flights.
The name Ankarafantsika comes from garafantsy, meaning "mountain of thorns". The name also describes a crafty and scary man. The forests of Ankarafantsika were once market with terror and mystery due to Ravelobe, a patriot living in the forests who became a bandit and robbed travellers.
Originally, two parks on both sides of RN4 formed the forest reserve of Ankarafantsika, before they were unified in 2002. Today, Ankarafantsika National Park covers an area of 135,000ha at an altitude of 250m. The highest peak is 350m. There are five major rivers running through the park. Several lakes, such as Tsimaloto, Ampijoroa, Antsimalo and Ankomakoma are the last refuges of native fish, aquatic birds and crocodiles. In addition, the lakes are shrines to the natives of the region. The landscape of the park is very alternating with different types of forests and savannas. A highlight of the park is the Lavaka of Ankarokaroka, a lunar landscape born of massive erosion. Various endemic species live and grow in this sandy massif.
From April to November the weather is hot and dry, followed by a wet period. The average annual rainfall is 1,475mm. In general the temperature varies between 24°C and 29°C. There are about 37,456 people (2010) living in the area, spread over 133 villages and hamlets. The inhabitants are mainly farmers. The dominant ethnic group is Sakalava.
Ankarafantsika National Park is subject to strong pressures caused by charcoal production, slash and burn agriculture (tavy), logging, expansion of grazing, hunting and collecting forest by-products. Every dry season, the park is also exposed to severe fires caused by humans, which is destroying the habitat of a wide variety of animals. Hunting is also increasing, as the traditional fady on hunting of lemurs is generally not respected by migrants in the region.
50% of the park entrance fees are donated to the local population to support the financing of micro projects. Since the launch of the Environmental Action Plan, more than 200 projects were enforced in the surrounding communities. More than 20,000 people benefited from the construction of wells, mini-dams and a school, drilling for fire hydrant, beekeeping, reforestation, poultry farming and provision of agricultural equipment.
Contents
Ecosystems
Various ecosystems, all very distinct from each other, can be found in Ankarafantsika National Park:
- Thick forest on dry sand: This type of forest grows on white or red sand in valleys, at lakesides and on slopes. The vegetation on sand has adapted to aridity with special characters, such as semi-deciduous leafs. In this type of forest grow among other plants Bosqueia boiviniana, Dalbergia greveana, Zanthoxylon tsihanimposa, Rheedia calicicola, Dypsis sp and Nervillea sp.
- Swamp forest: Located in low grounds or valleys temporarily flooded. This forest is characterised by a dominance of Raphia farinifera, often associated with ferns and other species. The swamp forest is not very diverse in terms of flora, due to soil conditions of the habitat.
- Riparian forest: This forest is fairly typical along rivers and swamps. Because of the constant humidity, the trees are higher and larger in diameter. As in the swamp forest, floristic diversity is low.
- Xerophytic thicket: This formation of only small shrub is specific to drier sites. This vegetation type is characterized by the abundance of xerophytic forms. Due to the soil conditions only a very low floristic diversity can be found in this habitat.
- Savannah: This grassland is dominated by Aristida, Heteropogon, Hyparrhenia and Panicum. Woody species include shrubs and trees.
- Permanent lakes: They are habitat for rare species and play an economic and ecological function in the region.
Fauna
Mammals
The diversity of lemurs emphasises the importance of the Ankarafantsika National Park for biodiversity conservation in Madagascar. Eight species of lemurs have been observed so far:
- Propithecus coquereli - Coquerel's sifaka (diurnal)
- Eulemur mongoz - Mongoose lemur
- Eulemur fulvus fulvus - Brown lemur
- Microcebus murinus - Grey mouse lemur (nocturnal)
- Microcebus ravelobensis - Ravelobe mouse lemur or Golden-brown mouse lemur (nocturnal)
- Cheirogaleus medius - Fat-tailed dwarf lemur (nocturnal)
- Avahi occidentalis - Western woolly lemur (nocturnal)
- Lepilemur edwardsi- Milne-Edwards's sportive lemur (nocturnal)
Amongst the mammals is the rodent Macrotarsomys ingens (Greater big-footed mouse) who lives only in this area and several species of tenrecs.
Birds
There are about 129 bird species living in the Ankarafantsika region, of which 75 are endemic. The following native birds can be observed in the park:
- Accipiter madagascariensis - Madagascan sparrowhawk
- Haliaeetus vociferoides - Madagascar fish eagle
- Polyboroides radiatus - Madagascar harrier-hawk
- Ardea humbloti - Humblot's heron
- Coua cristata - Crested coua
- Actophilornis albinucha - Madagascan jacana
- Mesitornis variegata - White-breasted mesite
- Tachybaptus pelzelnii - Madagascan grebe
- Bernieria madagascariensis - Long-billed bernieria
- Otus rutilus - Rainforest scops owl
- Lophotibis cristata - Madagascan crested ibis
- Leptopterus chabert - Chabert's vanga
- Xenopirostris damii - Van Dam's vanga
- Philepitta schlegeli - Schlegel's asity
- Terpsiphone mutata - Madagascar paradise-flycatcher
Reptiles
The park is home to following reptiles:
- Cameleons, including the endemic furcifer rhinoceratus
- Iguanas
- Snakes, including the endemic Acrantophis madagascariensis (Madagascar ground boa)
- Skinks, including the endemic Pygomeles petteri (Petter's short skink)
- Freshwater turtle, including the endemic Erymnochelys madagascariensis (Madagascan big-headed turtle)
Various species of insects and amphibians can also be found.
The best fauna most visible to tourists
| Scientific name | English name / Malagasy name | Specificity | Description | Biology and behaviour |
| Acrantophis madagascariensis | Madagascar ground boa / Do | Snake, generally terrestrial. Endemic to Madagascar. | Dark brown or dark beige, brighter on the stomach. Its size can reach up to 3 metres. | Carnivore - feeds on small mammals and birds. |
| Schetba rufa | Rufous vanga / Paopaobava | Land bird, only in the forest. Endemic to Madagascar. | Medium in size, red back, white stomach and black head. | Diurnal bird, likes to live with a partner or in groups of 4 to 8, rarely alone. |
| Xenopirostris damii | Van Dam's vanga / Vanga | Land bird, only in the forest. Endemic to Madagascar. Rare and endangered species. | Large in size, grey back, black head and white stomach. | Insectivore - feeds on beetles. |
| Propithecus verreauxi coquereli | Coquerel's sifaka / Sifaka | Tree lemur. Endemic to Ankarafantsika. Rarest and most threatened species. | It has a head-body length of 45cm and a tail length of 55cm long. The adult female weights around 3.76kg and the adult male around 3.70kg. The upper body is whitish woolly, the lower body is dark brown woolly. The face is bare and black with a black nose and white muzzle. The tail is white. | Diurnal. Folivore and frugivore - feeds on leaves and fruits. |
| Eulemur mongoz | Mongoose lemur / Dredrika | Tree lemur. Endemic to Ankarafantsika. Vulnerable species. | It has a head-body length of 30cm to 35cm and a tail length of 48cm. An adult weights between 1kg and 1.50kg. The male has a brown back, darker than the female. Male and female distinguish themselves by the colour of their shoulders: Blackish brown for females and yellowish for males. Both sexes have orange eyes and a white nose. | Diurnal in rainy season when the food is abondant and nocturnal in dry season when the food is scares. Folivore and frugivore - feeds on leaves and fruits. Sometimes insectivore - feeds on insects. |
| Cheirogaleus medius | Fat-tailed dwarf lemur / Matavirambo | Tree lemur. Endemic to Madagascar. Fully protected species. | It has a head-body length of 21cm to 22cm and a tail length of 17cm to 20cm. The adult weights 142g at the beginning of the wet season and 217g at the end of the wet season. It has short ears, a brownish back and white stomach. A white strip surrounds its nose and the eyes have a black ring. Slow moving lemur. | Nocturnal. Hibernates from April to September, its fat storage is at the base of the tail. Frugivore and insectivore - feeds on fruits and insects. |
| Avahi occidentalis | Western woolly lemur / Tsarafangitra | Tree lemur. Endemic to Madagascar. | The length of head and body is greater than the length of the tail. An adult weights 859g. Dense fur with a shaped loop on the back. Median grey, sometimes mottled brown back. Sometimes reddish grey tail. | Folivore - eating mostly leaves of Commiphora pervilleana (Matambelona). |
Flora
Ankarafantsika National Park is home to a rich and diverse flora. 823 species have been inventoried. The endemic rate is ranging from 82% for herbaceous plants to 92% for woody plants.
The best flora most visible to tourists
| Scientific name | English name / Malagasy name | Description | Where to find | Biology |
| Dioscorea bemandry | Maciba | Herbaceous liana, with spirally arranged leaves. Small greenish flowers with six petals grouped in a cluster. Roots are edible tubers up to 1m long. Non-endemic. | In dry and dense deciduous forests. | Flowering from December to February, fruiting from January to April. |
| Baudouinia fluggeiformis | Mpanjakabenitany or Mpanjakaben' ny tany | Shrub or tree 15m in hight and 50cm in diameter. Irregular trunk with very deep grooves/flutings. The bark is light brown. Its deciduous leaves arranged in bouquets at the summits of short branches have a dull bottom side and a shiny upper side. A dominant leaf-vein crosses the leaves. Hermaphrodite (both sexes) flowers with five yellow petals about the same length as the sepals. Endemic to Madagascar. | In degraded dry deciduous forests. | Flowering from August to December, fruiting from September to May. |
| Cedrelopsis grevei | Katrafay | Tree 5m to 22m in height and 10cm to 50cm in diameter. Its greyish-brown bark is cracked and has a characteristic odor. Its clear-yellow and hard wood is very valued for joinery. Its deciduous, hollow leaves grouped on the summit of the twig have various healing powers. The small flowers are yellow. The fruit capsules turn black when ripe. Essential oil (katrafay oil) resulting from the bark is used in traditional medicine and in aromatherapy. Endemic to Madagascar. | In dry and dense deciduous forests. | Flowering from September to December, fruiting from October to January. |
| Rhopalocarpus similis | Hazondringitra | Tree 20m in height and 10cm in diameter. This deciduous tree has simple, oval leaves with a more or less dark reddish upper side and a light green bottom side. The small flowers are grouped in a cymose umbel with four sepals. Ripe fruits are black. Endemic to Madagascar. | In dry and dense deciduous forests. | Tree rich in mucilage (viscous fluid). Flowering during the rainy season: November to April, fruiting in the dry season. |
| Strychnos spinosa | Mokotra | Quite small tree with thorns and opposite leaves. Small white flowers with fused corollas . Large woody fruits with edible pulp. Endemic to Madagascar. | On grassy savannas or savanna woodlands. | Flowering in the wet season and fruiting in the dry season. |
| Raphia farinifera, Raphia rufa | Raffia palm / Rofia | Erected palm tree with a trunk covered with leaf sheaths. Compound pinnate leaves with a petiole of about 1.5m and a spine of 2m to 3m. In Ankarafantsika National Park grow Raffia palms with leaves up to 7m long. The main veins are covered by short spines. The small flowers are covered by tubular bracts, the fruits are oval. The fibrous branches and palm leaves are used for ropes, sticks and various roof coverings. Introduced to Madagascar. | In wetlands and shallow valleys. | Flowering in the wet season and fruiting in the dry season. This palm grows on clay-humus. |
| Stereospermum euphoroides | Mangarahara | Shaft 15m to 20m high. Grey, waxy bark. The tree releases brown shiny exudates on the surface after scratching the trunk. Deciduous tree with compound, opposite leaves. Small white flowers tinged with purple, hermaphrodite flowers (both sexes). The capsular fruits are cylindrical or spindle-shaped. Endemic to Madagascar. | In dry and dense deciduous forests on sand or on laterite plateaus and hills. | Flowering from November to January and fruiting between April and November. |
| Commiphora guillaumini | Matambelona | Deciduous tree with a height of 10m to 20m and a diameter of 50cm to 80cm. The crown is somewhat bulky and the branches are rather thick at the end. Dry bark peels of from the green trunk, leaving scars. Yellow brown, reddish wood with darker rings. Smooth, alternating leaves, crowded in clusters on the branches. Lateral nerves are visible on both sides of the leaves. Round, fleshy fruits with stone inside. Endemic to Madagascar. | In dry and dense forests. | Flowering in October and November, fruiting between October and March. |
| Hymenodictyon occidentale | Lohavato | A small, deciduous tree with a smooth, thick bark and opposite leaves. Small flowers, the lower part of the corolla is cylindrical, the upper part is ball-shaped. Seeds are surrounded by a membranous wing. Endemic to Madagascar. | In dry and dense deciduous forests. | Flowering and fruiting from November to January. |
| Poupartia silvatica | Sakoanala | Large tree, 12m to 25 high, can sometimes reach up to 35m in height and 50cm in diameter. Grey-stained white, thick, cracked bark with elongated scales. Releases reddish latex after scratching the trunk. Compound leaves with 7-15 elliptical leaflets. Small, white flowers. Ovoid fruits. Endemic to Madagascar. | In dry and dense deciduous forests. | Flowering in September and October, fruiting between October and March. |
Guides and entrance fees
The park office is located within the park in Ampijoroa. There visitors can find all necessary information for planning their visit, including guides and porters.
There are 14 French and English speaking guides, of which are 11 private and 3 working within the park. In addition to their knowledge about the biodiversity, all guides participated a training in first aid, guidance techniques and knowledge about the natural and cultural environment.
The admission fee for visiting the park depends on how many days will be spent in the park. Foreign tourists pay 25,000 Ariary for 1 day, 37,000 Ariary for 2 days, 40,000 Ariary for 3 days and 50,000 Ariary for 4 to 10 days (prices 2010). Half of the entrance fees goes to Madagascar National Parks and half to local communities. Guides are obligatory. The fee for a guide depends on the chosen tour (circuit).
Circuits (tours)
There are several circuits crossing the Ankarafantsika National Park. Visitors can choose between easy and medium level circuits.
The Coquereli Circuit - "Small Tour"
Easy circuit, 2 to 3 hours walk (2km), recommended for wildlife enthusiasts.
What to see?
- diurnal lemurs: Coquerel's sifaka (Propithecus coquereli) - endemic to Ankarafantsika, Brown lemur and Mongoose lemur
Guide: 15,000 Ariary (1-5 people), 21,000 Ariary (7 and more people)
The Coquereli Circuit - "Big Tour"
Easy circuit, 2 to 3 hours walk (3km)
What to see?
- birds: Van Dam's vanga - especially rare and endemic to Ankarafantsika, Paradise flycatcher, Madagascar bulbul, coua, mesite, drongo and hawk
- reptiles: horned chameleon (Rucifer rhinoceratus), iguana, Giant Malagasy hognose snake (Leioheterodon madagascariensis)
- precious wood: rosewood (Dalbergia sp)
- sacred wood: Mpanjakaben'ny tany
- medicinal plants: katrafay, adenia, vanilla (Vanilla madagascariensis)
- panoramic views of the Ankarafantsika forest
Guide: 15,000 Ariary (1-5 people), 21,000 Ariary (7 and more people)
The Retendrika circuit
Medium circuit, 2.30 hours walk (3km).
What to see?
The plants of this circuit will certainly enrich the botanical knowledge of botanists. It also offers the chance for amateurs to understand a part of the ecosystem Ankarafantsika. Bird watchers will also be delighted to add new names to their lists of birds observed.
- medicinal plants: retendrika, katrafay, adenia, aloe, Vanilla madagascariensis, tamarind...
- precious wood: ebony, rosewood, ficus
- terrestrial orchids which usually can only be found in the wet forest
- diurnal lemurs: Brown lemur, Mongoose lemur
- landbirds: Schlegel's asity, flycatcher, Madagascar bulbul, coua, mesite, drongo and hawk
- aquatic birds: osprey, herons, egret, Glossy ibis, African darter, wild ducks
- reptiles: chameleons, snakes, lizards
- panoramic view of Lake Ravelobe.
To accomodate you during your visit, Madagascar National Parks has set a stage lodging in Ampijoroa, under booking. The stage lodging of Ampijoroa offers you :
- A kitchen and cookers if needed, a common shower with hot water, toilets, a solar lighting and a parking. - 6 rooms with two double beds or 2 single bed, common toilets : Ar 35,000 / night - 5 bungalows for 4 people, 1 double bed and 1 more superimposed bed, private toilets: Ar 80,000 / night - 2 new bungalows for 4 people: 1 double bed and 1 superimposed bed, private toilets: Ar 100,000 / night - Renting extra mattress: Ar 4,000 / night - Renting cooks in full air for the groupes/day (including refectory): Ar 10,000 / night - Renting refectory for 30 people: Ar 65,000 / night
3.2.1 Les circuits écotouristiques
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| RETENDRIKA | Les plantes de ce circuit botanique vont certainement enrichir les connaissances des botanistes. Il offre également la chance aux amateurs de comprendre une partie de l’écosystème d’Ankarafantsika
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3km
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2h30 | Moyen |
| - Riche en flore, notamment : | ||||
| les plantes médicinales dont le Retendrika, katrafay, adenia, aloes, vanilla madagascariensis, tamarinier… | ||||
| les bois précieux comme le bois d'ébène, palissandre, ficus | ||||
| Des orchidées terrestres qui d'habitude se trouvent dans des forêts humides mais qu'on rencontre dans la forêt dense sèche d'Ankarafantsika | ||||
| Faune : | ||||
| les lémuriens diurnes, maki brun, mongoz | ||||
| les oiseaux terrestres : seul site d'observation du petit oiseau Schlegel's Asity . Mais également vous pourrez voir le gobe mouche, le dyal malagasy, le Bulbul de Madagascar, le coua, la mésite, le drongo, la buse de Madagascar, l’épervier | ||||
| les oiseaux aquatiques : aigle pêcheur, hérons, aigrette, ibis falcinelle, anhinga d’Afrique, canards sauvages | ||||
| les reptiles : caméléons, serpents, lézards | ||||
| Point de vue panoramique du Lac Ravelobe . | ||||
| LE PACHYPODIUM OU PATTE D’ELEPHANT | Découvrez cette magnifique plante aux fleurs jaunes, adaptée à la région sèche de Madagascar généralement trouvée dans les zones sablonneuses ou les milieux à climat très sec comme dans le Sud | 3.5 km
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3h | Moyen |
| Riche en espèce faunistique : | ||||
| Oiseaux terrestres : gobe mouche, dyal malagasy, Bulbul de Madagascar, coua, drongo,
Reptiles : caméléons, serpents, lézards
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| Flore : | ||||
| Plantes médicinales adénia, aloes, vanilla madagascariensis, tamarinier… | ||||
| Bois palissandre, ficus, sorindia | ||||
| EXTENSION IBAOBAB | Circuit qui débute au lac Ravelobe en traversant la forêt secondaire dominée par le Raplafarinifera, des arbres de crocodiles (Hura crepitans) dont les graines sont dispersées par éclatement des fruits, avant de découvrir les majestueux baobabs, (Andasonia madagascariensis) endémique d'Ankarafantsika.
les oiseaux gobe mouche, dyal malagasy, Bulbul de Madagascar, drongo, les reptiles : caméléons, serpents, lézards
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2 km
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1h30 | Facile |
| Un point de vue panoramique du Lac Ravelobe | ||||
| Traversez le pont suspendu | ||||
| Admirez les champs de riziculture | ||||
| SOURCE DE VIE | Riche en avifaune et espèces aquatiques. Il vous fera découvrir la richesse culturelle de la région
Lémuriens diurnes : sifaka, maki brun |
5 km | 3h | Moyen |
| Oiseaux terrestres : gobe mouche, dyal malagasy, Bulbul de Madagascar, coua, mesite, drongo, | ||||
| Oiseaux aquatiques : aigle pêcheur, Ankoay, hérons, aigrette, ibis falcinelle, anhinga d’Afrique, canards sauvages
Reptiles : caméléons, serpents, lézards Crocodiles du Nil
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| Flore : | ||||
| à Plantes médicinales adénia, vanilla madagascariensis, tamarinier… | ||||
| Bois ficus, sorindia | ||||
| Point de vue panoramique du Lac Ravelobe, un lac sacré | ||||
| Existence d'un « doany »: Lieu d'un rite sacré appelé « joro » pour les Sakalava, qui a lieu une fois par an, généralement au mois de juillet et au cour duquel on exhausse la bénédiction des ancêtres | ||||
| ANKAROKAROKA | En sortant de la forêt sèche, un paysage de savane vous emmène au grand lavaka Ankarokaroka. Un paysage unique et lunaire, le résultat d’une gigantesque érosion offrant une vue sur le canyon.
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9 km
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3h30 | Moyen |
| Lémuriens diurnes : sifaka | ||||
| Oiseaux : gobe mouche, dyal malagasy, Bulbul de Madagascar, coua, faucon de newton, drongo, | ||||
| Reptiles : serpents, lézards | ||||
| Bois ébène, palissandre | ||||
| Plantes médicinales ; katrafay, adénia, | ||||
| Point de vue panoramique de la forêt d’Ankarafantsika | ||||
| NOCTURNE | Vous allez voir le monde des plus petits mammifères nocturnes, des oiseaux de nuits et des caméléons comme Rhinoceratus et Oustaleti.
La randonnée commence à 19 heures. Très appréciée, c’est une visite à ne pas manquer. |
1.5km | 1h30 | Facile |
| Vous verrez : | ||||
| les lémuriens nocturnes : microcebus murinus, microcebus ravelobensis, lépilemur edwardsi, avahi occidentalis, cheirogaleus medius | ||||
| les oiseaux : petit duc de Madagascar, gobe mouche, engoulevent de madagascar | ||||
| les reptiles : caméléons | ||||
| des plantes : bois (ébène, palissandre) | ||||
| PROMENADE EN BATEAU | Dans un lac de 60 ha, calme et accueillant, vous apprécierez la légende interminable de Ravelobe, l’homme redoutable et rusé de Garafantsy.
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| Point de vue panoramique de la formation forestière | ||||
| PROMENADE EN VOITURE | D’abord vous traversez la forêt secondaire et la savane. En sortant de là, vous allez être surpris de voir une grande érosion, un paysage multicolore, attrayant au coucher du soleil. En descendant au grand « lavaka », vous serez impressionnés de découvrir les cheminées de fées, … une aventure à ne pas rater pour les sportifs.
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9 km | 2h30 | Moyen |
| Oiseaux : gaube mouche, dyal malagasy, Bulbul de Madagascar, coua, faucon de newton, drongo, | ||||
| Reptiles : lézards | ||||
| Bois de palissandre | ||||
| Plantes médicinales | ||||
| Haut du Lac | Vous trouverez : | 7 km
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4h | Moyen |
| Oiseaux : gobe mouche, dyal malagasy, bulbul de Madagascar, coua, drongo, | ||||
| Reptiles : caméléons, serpents, lézards | ||||
| Bois sorindia, ficus
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| Point de vue panoramique du Lac Ravelobe | ||||
| Ankoririka | Découvrez la richesse faunistique et floristique : | 9 km | 3h | Moyen |
| Lémuriens diurnes : Sifaka, maki brun,
lémuriens nocturnes : microcebus, lépilemur edwardsi, avahi occidentalis, cheirogaleus medius.
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| Plantes : bois : palissandre, ficus, sorindia ,
Plantes médicinales : adenia, aloes, vanilla madagascariensis, tamarinier. | ||||
| Point de vue panoramique de la formation du « Lavaka », chute d'eau |
3.2.2 Tarif de Guidage
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| Ankarokaroka en voiture | Tarif | |
| 1 ou 2 personnes | | |
| 3 personnes | | |
| 4 personnes | | |
| 5 personnes | | |
| 6 personnes | | |
| maximum 6 personnes |
| Bateau | Tarif | En Ariary |
| 1 ou 2 personnes | | |
| 3 personnes | | |
| 4 personnes | | |
| 5 personnes | | |
| 6 personnes | | |
| 7 personnes | | |
| 8 personnes | | |
| maximum 8 personnes |
3.3 Attractions touristiques dans la région
3.3.1 Dans le Parc
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| Atelier de raphia | tissage traditionnel et teinture naturelle du produit raphia.
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Ampombolava | 1,5 km sur la RN4 | voiture, à pied |
| Atelier de raphia | tissage traditionnel et teinture naturelle du produit raphia. | Andranomandevy | 16 km sur la RN4 | voiture |
3.3.2 Hors de l’aire protégée
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| Histoire des dinosaures | site de recherche sur les dinosaures | Berivotra | 65 km sur la RN4 | voiture |
| Anjohibe | grotte | Majunga | 120 km | voiture |
| Cirque rouge | formation extraordinaire du lavaka | Majunga | 130 km | voiture |
3.3.3 Evènements culturels de la région
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| « Fanompoana » | Demande de protection et bénédiction au Roi Sakalava | Juillet – un (1) mois | Population locale : Sakalava |
3.3.4 Faits marquants de la Région
Us et coutume :
- circoncision traditionnelle,
- mariage traditionnel,
- « Famadiana » retournement des morts" (traduction occidentale) . A cette occasion la famille commémore la vie du défunt .On exhume le corps du défunt afin de le draper d'un nouveau linceul. Cérémonie funèbre mais qui n'a rien de triste. Une preuve que l'on n'a pas oublié le défunt. A cette occasion la famille organise une grande fête : repas, musique et danse traditionnelles sont de rigueur
- « Fanompoana » (pour les sakalava )
- « Tromba » : Au cours d’un rituel spécifique et secret, une personne douée pour l’invocation, le «tromba » se voit possédé par des esprits bienfaiteurs rémanents. Véritable vecteur sacré, le « tromba » est alors capable de diriger les rites importants du village. Ces mediums sont consultés afin de communiquer avec les ancêtres. Pour incarner complètement le personnage, le médium adopte les particularités de comportements et de langage ainsi que les goûts de la personne réincarnée
« Fady » (tabous) :
- mardi et jeudi sont les jours tabous (on ne travaille pas),
- il est interdit de porter ou de manger du porc avant d'aller au lac
Lieux sacrés :
- les Lacs
- les « doany » (lieu de culte)
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- Doany de Betsioka à Bealana lieu de rites sacrés pour les Sakalava : « Fanompoana »
- Doany d'Ambalabongo
- Doany du lac sacré Ravelobe
- Tombeaux de Rois Sakalava à Andranomiditra
Légendes du Lac Ravelobe :
Ravelobe est un patriote malagasy qui a participé à la deuxième guerre mondiale. De retour au pays, il a demandé au colon français d'administrer le cantonnement d'Ambatoboeny, sa demande a été refusée .Il a alors formé un groupe de rebelle à Garafantsy.
Les crocodiles du Lac Ravelobe sont considérés comme sacrés. L’immolation de zébu, destinée à ces crocodiles, a lieu tous les ans. Ces sauriens ont un nom spécifique
« mampisento » - qui fait soupirer.
L’histoire du crocodile Mampisento remonte à l’époque du Roi Andriamisondrotramasinarivo issu de la lignée Marambitsy (ethnie Sakalava, originaire de Mitsinjo), qui par fierté, ne voulant pas l’annexion des merina de son territoire durant le règne de Radama I (1810-1828), se serait jeté dans le lac avec sa famille. Un portier du roi s’est abstenu de suivre son maître dans son suicide. Quand il mourût, peu de temps après, un crocodile est apparu aux rives du lac, il évoquait étrangement le portier qui venait de décéder et sa vue faisait soupirer tous ceux qui l’ont vu.
Ce sont les esprits de ce roi qui se révèlent aux vivants par le phénomène de possession
« tromba».
Le lac est sacré jusqu’à maintenant, le porc y est tabou « fady », car les Marambitsy étaient des musulmans.
3.3.5 Spécialités de la région
Artisanat :
Tissage traditionnel du raphia, teinture naturelle de fibre de raphia
Culture (légumes, fruits) :
mangues, banane, papaye, mokotra (strychnos spinosa ), citron, jujube, brèdes, oignons, tomates
Elevage :
Volailles, porcins, caprins, bovins
Marché :
- Andranofasika : chaque mercredi, vente des produits locaux
- Ankazomborona : chaque jeudi, vente des produits locaux
4 Se loger
4.1 A l’intérieur du Parc : A Ampijoroa
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| 6 chambres avec lits de deux places ou 2 lits à une place (sanitaire commun) | 35 000 Ar
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| 5 bungalows pour 4 personnes : 1 lit double plus 1 lit superposé
(sanitaire privé) |
80 000 Ar
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| 2 new bungalows pour 4 personnes : 1 lit double plus 1 lit superposé
(sanitaire privé) |
100 000 Ar
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| Location matelas supplémentaire | 4 000 Ar
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| Location cuisine en pleine air pour les groupes/jour (y compris réfectoire) | 10 000 Ar
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| Location réfectoire pour 30 personnes | 65 000 Ar
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| N.B. La réservation à l’avance est conseillée | |
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==== Sites de Campement ==== | ==== Capacité / ==== | ==== Droit ====
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| ==== Tente ==== | ==== Personne ====
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Cuisine, eau courante, WC (commune)
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Cuisine, eau courante, douche, WC (commune)
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Cuisine, eau courante, douche, WC (commune).
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* Cuisine et des cuisiniers si besoin
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4.2 Aux alentours
Au village d’Andranofasika à 4km d’Ampijoroa, hébergement sans confort (chambre simple, sanitaire commun, eau courante non systématique)
5 Conseils pratiques
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| - Il est recommandé de porter de bonnes chaussures de marche, des vêtements légers, d’avoir un chapeau.
- Des torches sont nécessaires pour les visites nocturnes. - Amenez votre tente et sac de couchage si vous désirez camper.
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| Bouteille d’eau minérale
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| à Marovoay : BOA
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| - Monnaie nationale : Ariary
- Devise
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* Centre de Santé de base II à Andranofasika (4km)
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* Telma
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A Majunga (115 km)
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1.1- Microprojets communautaires (Infrastructures sociales, économiques, culturelles)
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| * Matériels de bureau Fkt
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* Ankazomborona
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100% PRDEAP |
| * Construction de puits
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* Ankazomborona
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100% PRDEAP |
| * Confection de table-bancs
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* Marosakoa
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100% PRDEAP |
| * Couloir de vaccination
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* Ankazomborona
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100% PRDEAP |
| * Construction de mini-barrage
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* Anosinalainolona
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100% PRDEAP |
1.2 : Autres Microprojets ( Activités Génératrices de Revenus initiées par les organisations paysannes ; groupements, association…)
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| * Matériels agricoles
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Ankazomborona
Manerinerina |
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100% PRDEAP |
| * Ruches
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Ankazomborona
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100% PRDEAP |
| * Achat de semences
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Ankazomborona
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100% PRDEAP |
| * Construction de poulailler
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* Anjiajia
- Tsararano
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100% PRDEAP |
Tableau 2 : AUTRES BAILLEURS
2.1- Microprojets communautaires (Infrastructures sociales, économiques, culturelles)
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| Construction de puits
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Marosakoa, Andranofasika, Ankazomborona, Ankijabe, Anjiajia, Tsaramandroso,Ambondromamy, Manerinerina
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KFW |
| Construction des WC
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Marosakoa | |
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KFW |
| Construction des cabanes pour vente citron
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Marosakoa | |
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KFW |
| Forage pour borne fontaine | |
Marosakoa, Tsaramandroso, Andranofasika | |
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KFW |
| Construction atelier d’arts locaux
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Marosakoa | |
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KFW |
| Electrification rurale
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Marosakoa | |
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KFW |
| Métiers à tisser
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Marosakoa, Tsaramandroso
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KFW |
| Réabilitation de doany
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Marosakoa | |
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KFW |
| Construction restaurant
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Marosakoa | |
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KFW |
| Construction bureau fokontany
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Marovoay Banlieu | |
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KFW |
| Construction GCV
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Ankazomborona | |
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KFW |
| Construction école
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Ankazomborona | |
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KFW |
| Réhabilitation maison Directeur EPP
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Andranofasika | |
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KFW |
| Confection tables bancs
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Tsaramandroso, Andranofasika | |
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KFW |
| Construction de barrage
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Ankazomborona | |
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KFW |
| Construction pont canal
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Marovoay banlieu
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KFW |
2.2 : Autres Microprojets ( Activités Génératrices de Revenus initiées par les organisations paysannes ; groupements, association…)
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| Distribution de Tiges de manioc
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Ankazomborona
Tsaramandroso |
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| Aviculture
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Marosakoa
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| Reboisement
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Treize (13) Communes dont Marosakoa, Andranofasika, Ankazomborona, Ankijabe, Anjiajia, Tsaramandroso,Ambondromamy, Manerinerina, Anosinalainolona, Madirovalo, Marovoay Banlieu, Tsararano, Ambolomoty
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| Apiculture
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Treize (13) Communes dont
Marosakoa, Andranofasika, Ankazomborona, Ankijabe, Anjiajia, Tsaramandroso,Ambondromamy, Manerinerina, Anosinalainolona, Madirovalo, Marovoay Banlieu, Tsararano, Ambolomoty
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| Valorisation du produit raphia
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Marosakoa
Tsaramandroso |
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